Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

It’s natural to have questions as you go through this process. Here are answers to some of the most common ones that people have when searching for unclaimed pension benefits.

How long do I have to claim a pension?

This is a great question that brings a lot of relief. In general, your right to an earned and vested pension benefit does not expire. The money is legally yours, and it will be there for you to claim whenever you are ready. You do not need to worry about a deadline for starting your search. The funds will be held for you by the plan administrator or a government agency like the PBGC until you or your rightful heir claims them.

Can I find a lost 401(k) using these methods?

Yes, absolutely. While this guide focuses on traditional pensions, many of the same strategies and tools are very effective for finding a lost 401(k) or other type of retirement savings plan. Contacting your former employer is the best first step. If that doesn’t work, resources like the National Registry of Unclaimed Retirement Benefits (NRURB) and state unclaimed property websites are excellent places to search for missing 401(k) accounts.

What if I’m searching for a deceased family member’s pension?

It is possible to claim a pension on behalf of a deceased family member, but only if you are the designated beneficiary or the surviving spouse. If your spouse had a pension and chose a “joint and survivor” option, you would be entitled to survivor benefits. To claim them, you will need to contact the plan administrator and provide additional documentation, such as your spouse’s death certificate and your marriage certificate, to prove your eligibility. If you believe your deceased parent or other relative had a pension and named you as a beneficiary, you can also follow these search steps, but be prepared to provide legal documents proving your status as the beneficiary.

Does the PBGC cover all pensions?

This is an important distinction to understand. The PBGC does not cover all types of pension plans. Its insurance program specifically covers most private-sector defined benefit plans. It generally does not cover pensions from government jobs (federal, state, or local), military pensions, plans from religious organizations, or plans for professional service businesses (like doctors or lawyers) with fewer than 26 employees. It also does not cover defined contribution plans like 401(k)s. If your pension falls into one of these non-covered categories, you would need to contact the specific organization or government agency that sponsored the plan.